Subsidence is a general term for downward vertical movement of the Earth's surface, which can be caused by both natural processes and human activities. Wikipedia

The motion of a surface as it shifts downward relative to a datum such as sea-level Wikidata

The sudden sinking or gradual downward settling of the Earth's surface with little or no horizontal motion. The movement is not restricted in rate, magnitude, or area involved. Subsidence may be caused by natural geologic processes, such as solution, thawing, compaction, slow crustal warping, or withdrawal of fluid lava from beneath a solid crust; or by man's activity, such as subsurface mining or the pumping of oil or ground water. OmegaWiki