Calunnia, meaning "calumny", is a criminal offence under Article 368 of the Italian Penal Code, which states: Anyone who with a denunciation, complaint, demand or request, even anonymously or under a false name, directs a judicial authority or other authority that has an obligation to report, to blame someone for a crime who he knows is innocent, that is he fabricates evidence against someone, shall be punished with imprisonment from two to six years. Wikipedia