In grammar, the absolutive case is the case of nouns in ergative–absolutive languages that would generally be the subjects of intransitive verbs or the objects of transitive verbs in the translational equivalents of nominative–accusative languages such as English. Wikipedia

Grammatical case that identifies the subject of an intransitive verb in ergative–absolutive languages Wikidata

A grammatical case being used in several languages such as Basque, Georgian, Sumerian, Chechen, and others where it is being used for the subject in sentences having a subject only and no objects, while in sentences with a subject and a direct object it is being used for the direct object but not the subject. OmegaWiki

Case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action. The absolutive case is used to mark the subject of an intransitive verb, as well as the object of a transitive verb (inasmuch as they are codified in the English nominative-accusative system). Some languages that employ the absolutive case include Abkhaz, Basque, Chechen, Dyirbal, Hindi, Inuktitut, Hiligaynon, and Yup'ik. Wiktionary

Case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action. Wiktionary (translation)